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San Diego City Unified School District

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Contact

Sally Bennett, Asst. Director of Standards & Accountability
sbennet1@mail.sandi.net
619.725.7188

Demographics


Summary

The Blueprint for Student Success in a Standards-Based System is a San Diego Unified School District instructional plan. It underscores the district belief that "issues of student achievement cannot be separated from issues of teacher expertise, professional development, prevention and intervention strategies, curricular alignment, assessment strategies, school leadership, and funding." This blueprint can be a model for other districts regarding the integration of all parts of a system to improve student learning.

The blueprint does not state how stakeholders are accountable for implementation, but other online documents reflect systematic accountability. Schools use assessment data to make student and program decisions. The district reports results monthly to the board and uses results to inform decisions about adjustments and phasing in the total instructional program for individual schools and the entire district.

Three types of instructional program approaches are implemented to provide best pedagogy, the richest learning environment, and sufficient time to meet high standards.
  • Prevention: good, first teaching in classrooms by well-trained teachers with a focus on content standards contained in language arts and mathematics frameworks and rich materials.
  • Intervention: extended day (before, after school) and extended year (extra 24 days, summer school, intersession) instruction for students and professional development for these teachers; site-based summer programs for coherence.
  • Retention: an accelerated program with reduced class size, extended day and year instruction for identified students at the start of a school level (first grade, sixth/seventh grade at middle/junior high). Ninth graders are not retained but placed in accelerated programs.

Blueprint for Student Success in a Standards-Based System

Full Description

The Blueprint for Student Success in a Standards-Based System, a San Diego Unified School District instructional plan, is divided into initiatives at the elementary, middle/junior, and high school levels. Initiatives ensure continuity across feeder schools, including:
  • enhanced classroom instruction;
  • extended day and year interventions for students at risk;
  • professional development and supportive coaches/specialists; and
  • accelerated classes with reduced class sizes.

Components

Following are the components in the blueprint. The goal is enhancing instruction and meeting the needs of students by offering sufficient support and time to learn rigorous standards. The approach to reach the goal is to reorganize resources and services away from proven ineffective practices and toward research-based practices. Ongoing professional learning opportunities equip teachers with skills needed to improve their teaching and student learning in classroom and intervention settings.

Frameworks: The district has been developing comprehensive literacy and mathematics frameworks to provide a consistent set of strategies, knowledge, and skills across all classrooms and to ensure that all students get high-quality instruction and content.

Enhanced Classrooms: Every classroom is to be a model of exemplary instruction with teachers using an array of high-quality materials to carry out the frameworks (print materials, mathematical tools and manipulatives, and professional development on instructional practices). Good first teaching reduces the likelihood that students will need interventions.

Literacy Peer Coach/Staff Developers: Every school has a full-time literacy coach/staff developer. The approach is to embed professional development in the context of classroom practice. The coach works in the school four days per week and receives district training on the fifth day. About half of the onsite time is spent in classrooms observing and coaching teachers. Most of the remaining time is spent planning and conducting professional development for teachers (small and large group sessions), organizing and hosting intra- and inter-visitations to other classrooms and schools, and working with the principal on teacher strengths and needs.

In 2001-02, another type of support position was added at secondary schools, Literacy and Mathematics Site Administrators (not all positions were filled the first year). The plan is for each senior high to have one of each, and each middle school is to have a mathematics position. These administrators have dual roles -- department chair and teacher coach. They work specifically with the teachers in the English or mathematics departments to help plan lessons and units of study, observe and coach in classrooms, conduct demonstration lessons, and work with the principal to evaluate the teachers.

Mathematics Specialists: Trained teachers (using state funds) support staff, starting with elementary teachers at intermediate grades where the need is greatest for enhancing expertise.

Interventions for students at risk:
  • Extended day programs: trained teachers with student/teacher ratio of 20:1 in focused literacy program of study before/after school -- starting with grade 3, grades 6, 7, and 8 in middle/junior high, and two- or three-period literacy courses for ninth graders. These middle/high school students receive elective credits for the literacy courses and have the opportunity to enroll in other elective courses (e.g., visual/performing arts, physical education) in special extended day summer school program and/or after school classes.
  • Junior First Grade Academy: during summer or intersession before first grade for students at risk, taught by trained kindergarten teachers.
  • Summer/Intersession Programs: six-week summer program for students at risk in specific grade levels at local schools by trained teachers; focus on literacy and mathematics.
  • Accelerated Programs: for retained students; low student/teacher ratio (e.g., 15:1 in first grade) and extended day and year instruction. Extended year instruction involves days during intersession for year-round schools or summer for traditional schools where four hours per day are used for instruction and one afternoon a week is professional development for intervention teachers.

Additional Interventions for Focus Schools: There is an array of support for the lowest-performing schools (first decile on API):
  • Extended year for academic magnet schools: complies with integration court order, offers 24 extra days of instruction on literacy and mathematics.
  • Additional funds for materials, literacy coaches and mathematics specialists
  • Assurance of accelerated classes: lower class size emphasizing literacy and mathematics.
  • Enhanced parent involvement: additional resources and strategies to help parents and/or legal guardians help their children (e.g., Parent Activity Liaison, parent center, year-long series of parent trainings to support literacy, mathematics, and organizational/study skills).
  • Early link preschool program: readiness experiences, exposure to literacy, social expectations of school.

Building School Capacity

The district provides leadership and training to coaches/specialists and allocates resources according to school need. Ongoing teacher training and responsibility for accelerating individual student progress is accomplished by locating services within each school, providing specific districtwide interventions such as Reading Recovery, and allowing schools to select site-specific strategies.

Blueprint for Student Success in a Standards-based System: 2000-2001
Blueprint for Student Success in a Standards-based System: 2001-2002


Planning, Assessment, and Accountability

District key administrators provide the leadership to develop, implement, and monitor a long-range districtwide plan for incremental expansion of the Blueprint for Student Success in a Standards-Based System. School principals are empowered as instructional program leaders who work with their team of teachers to take responsibility for staff and student learning. Implicit in the Blueprint language is building school and district learning communities. The board, parents and/or legal guardians, community, and local universities are part of the process.

Local assessments provide diagnostic information to teachers as well as identify students performing "significantly below grade level" and in need of support and intervention strategies. The districtwide reading assessments are administered at the beginning, middle, and end of year:
  • Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA, individually administered reading conference) in primary grades;
  • Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test (SDRT, group administered), DRA (as appropriate) and Analytical Reading Inventory (ARI, individually administered to students at risk) in grades 5-6; and
  • SDRT and ARI (for students at risk) in grades 7-12. Individual student results are reported and used to monitor progress and identify those at risk of retention and who need extra support. School and district level results are reported within the schools, and to the district and the board. Summary results are used as feedback to recognize successful schools and practices, and pinpoint areas for improvement and schools in need of extra support.

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Updated November 20, 2001
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